Research progress of shield opening technology in urban metro
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摘要: 盾构机在长距离掘进时，经常会由于遭遇障碍或者刀具过量磨损而导致被迫停机的问题，这是盾构施工主要风险之一。为梳理城市地铁盾构开舱技术的研究进展，对常压开舱和带压开舱2种技术思路进行了系统总结，概括了2种技术条件下盾构开舱的原理、危险因素及原则。结合典型工程实例对常规压缩空气带压开舱技术和饱和气体法带压开舱技术的应用范围、关键技术、优缺点进行分析和总结，并归纳了土体注浆和冻结加固的常压开舱技术和常压刀盘换刀技术的工程应用情况。最后，结合当前研究进展和我国大直径水下盾构的发展趋势，分析了未来盾构开舱面临的技术挑战，讨论了进一步研究的方向，为我国盾构开舱技术的发展提供了参考。Abstract: When shield machine is driving for a long distance, it is often forced to stop due to obstacles or excessive wear of tools, which is one of the main risks of shield construction. In order to summarize the research progress of shield opening technology in urban metro, the paper systematically summarizes the two technical ideas of normal pressure opening and pressurized opening, and summarizes the principle, risk factors and principles of shield opening under two technical conditions. Combined with typical engineering examples, the application scope, key technology, advantages and disadvantages of conventional compressed air and saturated gas method with pressure opening technology are analyzed and summarized. The engineering application of atmospheric pressure opening technology and atmospheric pressure cutter disc tool changing technology for soil grouting and freezing reinforcement is summarized. Finally, combined with the current research progress and the development trend of large diameter underwater shield in China, the paper analyzes the technical challenges faced by the shield opening in the future, discusses the direction of further research, and provides a reference for the development of shield opening technology in China.
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图 3 衡盾泥工法开舱流程
Figure 3. The process and schematic diagrams of opening warehouse by HDN method
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