地面煤仓二氧化碳爆破技术及应用

Carbon dioxide blasting method and its application for surface coal bunkers

  • 摘要: 针对陕西省榆林市某煤矿地面煤仓堵塞影响生产,且其堵塞以黏壁、结拱为主,提出采用二氧化碳爆破疏通技术解决此问题。通过受力分析发现,黏壁煤体上部及结拱中心的黏滞摩擦力小,是疏通的关键位置。由对比可知:在处理黏壁堵塞时,空气炮疏通使用设备平均数量约为二氧化碳爆破疏通的3.3倍、落煤量平均值少0.97 t,表明设备的泄能压力对地面煤仓的疏通效果影响较小;在处理结拱堵塞时,空气炮疏通使用设备平均数量约为二氧化碳爆破疏通的3.0倍、落煤量平均值少5.83 t。研究结果表明:二氧化碳爆破器疏通优于空气炮疏通,且疏通时应将二氧化碳爆破器的泄能头尽量贴近拱桥的中心,更有利于疏通。二氧化碳爆破疏通技术适用于地面煤仓疏通,并为煤矿地面煤仓疏通开辟了新技术路径。

     

    Abstract: Ground coal bunker blockage hinders production at a coal mine in Yulin City, Shaanxi Province, with wall adhesion and arching as two main types of blockage. This study proposes a carbon dioxide (CO2) blasting method as a solution to this problem. Force analysis revealed that the upper part of the adhesive coal mass and the center of the arch feature lower viscous friction, thus becoming key positions for unblocking. Comparative analysis showed that in dealing with wall adhesion blockage, the average number of air cannons required for unblocking was approximately 3.3 times that of the carbon dioxide blasting method. Coal drop was 0.97 t less, indicating the limited effect of the equipment's energy release pressure on unblocking. For arching blockage, air cannon usage was 3.0 times higher, with 5.83 t less coal drop than CO2 blasting. This demonstrates that CO2 blasting outperforms air cannons. The energy dissipation head of CO2 device should be as close as possible to the center of the arch bridge during unblocking. This CO2 blasting method proves to be a feasible technical approach for unblocking ground coal bunkers.

     

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