Experimental study on the influence of seawater corrosion on the physical and mechanical properties and microstructural failure behavior of sandstone
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摘要: 针对海底隧道围岩在海水腐蚀下物理力学性能劣化的问题，选取典型砂岩作为研究对象，基于深圳海底隧道所在区域海水的取样数据配制不同浓度的模拟海水溶液，对砂岩试样进行不同浓度、不同时间的腐蚀浸泡处理，再进行单轴压缩试验，并结合声发射与扫描电子显微镜(SEM)技术，对海水腐蚀损伤砂岩的物理力学特性、破坏过程和微观结构演化特征进行分析研究。结果表明：随着腐蚀溶液浓度增加，砂岩试样表面越早发生脱落且面积越大，试样密度小幅度增加；峰值应力和弹性模量均随腐蚀时间增加而降低，但二者降低幅度及速率不同；随着腐蚀时间以及浓度的增加，除高浓度组砂岩试样在腐蚀45 d之后声发射事件活跃期有所缩短外，其余组砂岩试样的声发射事件活跃期均有所增长，砂岩试样内部缺陷逐渐发育，结构逐渐疏松，蜂窝状腐蚀区域面积增大，盐离子白色结晶区域逐渐扩大。Abstract: In this study, experimental tests were conducted on sandstone specimens to study the influence of seawater corrosion on their physical and mechanical properties as well as failure behavior.Different concentrations of simulated seawater solutions were prepared based on seawater sampling data from the vicinity of the Shenzhen cross-harbor tunnel.Sandstone specimens were first treated with corrosion immersion in these solutions for different times before they were subjected to uniaxial compression tests.The acoustic emission and scanning electron microscope(SEM)techniques were employed to investigate damage and microstructural evolutions of the corroded sandstone.The results show that as the concentration of corrosive solution increases, the surface of sandstone specimens peel off earlier, the area is larger, and there is a slight increase in specimen density.The peak stress and elastic modulus both decrease with increasing corrosion time, but the magnitude and rate of decrease are different.With the increase of corrosion time and concentration, the active period of acoustic emission events increased in all sandstone specimens, except for the ones in the high concentration group, where the active period of acoustic emission events was shortened after 45 d of corrosion.SEM results show that with increase of corrosion time and concentration, the internal microdefects in the sandstone specimens progressively developed, and the microstructures gradually loosened.Furthermore, the area of honeycomb corrosion area increased in size and the area of white crystallization of salt ions gradually expanded.
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Key words:
- seawater corrosion /
- water-rock interaction /
- uniaxial compression /
- acoustic emission /
- SEM
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图 2 不同浓度溶液腐蚀下砂岩外观形貌变化对比
Figure 2. Comparison of changes in surface morphology of sandstone corroded by different concentration of solutions
图 3 不同浓度溶液腐蚀下砂岩试样纵波波速变化规律
Figure 3. Changes in P-wave velocity of sandstone under corrosion of different concentration solutions
图 5 不同浓度溶液腐蚀下砂岩试样单轴压缩试验的应力应变曲线
Figure 5. Typical stress-strain curves of uniaxial compression tests on sandstone specimens corroded by different concentration solutions
图 6 不同浓度溶液腐蚀下砂岩试样峰值应力变化规律
Figure 6. Changes in peak stress of sandstone specimens under corrosion of different concentration solutions
图 7 不同浓度溶液腐蚀下砂岩试样弹性模量变化规律
Figure 7. Changes in Young's modulus of sandstone speci-mens under corrosion of different concentration solutions
图 8 典型砂岩试样的时间-应力曲线及对应的声发射信号
Figure 8. Typical stress-time curve and acoustic emission signals of sandstone specimen under compression
图 9 不同浓度溶液腐蚀下典型砂岩试样的时间-应力曲线及声发射信号(腐蚀时间：45 d和75 d)
Figure 9. Typical stress-time curves and acoustic emission signals of sandstone specimen under corrosion of different concentration solutions(corrosion time: 45d and 75d)
图 10 砂岩破坏表面形貌图片(腐蚀时间：0 d)
Figure 10. Surface morphology of failed sandstone specimens(corrosion time: 0d)
图 11 不同浓度溶液腐蚀下砂岩试样破坏表面形貌(腐蚀时间：30 d和75 d)
Figure 11. Surface morphology of failed sandstone specimens corroded by different concentration of solutions(corrosion time: 30 d and 75 d)
表 1 模拟海水溶液配制方案
Table 1. Simulated seawater solution preparation programme
溶液编号 浓度水平 溶液初始成分 氯离子浓度/(g·L-1) 硫酸根离子浓度/(g·L-1) pH值 A — 蒸馏水 0 0 7 B 正常浓度 NaCl、Na2SO4 13.91 1.810 7.76 C 低浓度 NaCl、Na2SO4 0.278 0.036 7.76 D 高浓度 NaCl、Na2SO4 139.10 18.10 7.76 
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表 2 不同浓度溶液腐蚀75 d后的质量及密度变化
Table 2. Mass and density changes after 75 d of corrosion in different concentration solutions
溶液组 质量变化量/g 密度变化率/% A -0.54 -0.11 C 0.42 0.09 B 1.07 0.22 D 6.32 1.33
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