Study on parameters optimization of unmanned aerial vehicle and ecological remediation of buckwheat stained with DSE
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摘要: 陕北矿区地势复杂多变、地形沉陷及地裂缝导致机械生态修复困难，基于北方天途八旋翼无人机，以荞麦为试验对象，研究了飞播参数对无人机飞播作业的影响，并探究了深色有隔内生真菌(DSE)浸种后无人机飞播荞麦生态修复效应。结果表明：飞播参数对荞麦种子有效幅宽与飞播均匀性有显著影响，获得无人机最优飞播参数为高转速、飞行高度2.5 m、飞行速度4 m/s、作业间距6 m；该飞播参数下荞麦DSE接菌区，其生长期株高、地径和地上生物量分别比对照区提高了11%、25%、49%；接种DSE可有效提高荞麦叶片叶色值和光合速率，促进荞麦根系生长，提高荞麦产量和品质，无人机飞播联合DSE浸种促生技术可为西部煤矿区复杂地形生态修复奠定技术基础。Abstract: The complex and changeable terrain, subsidence topography and land fissures of mining area in northern Shaanxi make it difficult for mechanical restoration of ecological environment. Based on M8A20A eight-rotor UAV platform, this study investigated the effects of the optimal parameters on aerial seeding, and the ecological restoration of buckwheat by DSE infection and aerial seeding. Results showed that the flight parameters had significant effects on the available width and uniformity of buckwheat seeds. The optimal parameters of aerial seeding includehigh speed, flight height of 2.5 m, flight speed of 4.0 m/s and operating distance of 6.0 m. Compared with the control group, plant height, ground diameter and above-ground biomass of the buckwheat infected with Dark Septate Endophytes(DSE)increased by 11%、25%、49%, respectively. In addition, the DSE infection could increase the SPADR and photosynthetic rate of buckwheat, promoting the root to grow and improving the yield and quality of buckwheat. This UAV aerial seeding combined with growth promotion of DSE infection could offer reference for ecological restoration of complex terrain in the western mining areas.
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Key words:
- UAV /
- aerial seeding /
- ecological restoration /
- buckwheat /
- Dark Septate Endophytes
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图 2 荞麦种子飞播试验场地示意图
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of aerial seeding site for buckwheat seeds
图 3 张家峁煤矿生态示范区示意图
Figure 3. Schematic diagram of ecological demonstration in Zhangjiamao coal mine
图 5 不同参数下无人机飞播荞麦作业效果
Figure 5. Effects of UAV parameters on aerial seeding of buckwheat
图 7 接种DSE对荞麦生长特性的影响
Figure 7. Effect of DSE infection on growth characteristics of buckwheat
表 1 北方天途M8A20A无人机平台基本参数
Table 1. Basic parameters of M8A20A eight-rotor UAV platform
对称电机轴距/mm 旋翼数量 标准起飞重量/kg 最大载重/kg 飞行速度/(m·s-1) 作业间距/m 悬停时间/min 1 630 8 46 20 2~8 2~20 6~22 
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表 2 荞麦光合作用差异
Table 2. Difference in photosynthesis of buckwheat
处理 CK DSE 净光合速率/
μmol·(m2·s)-116.25±0.87 16.56±0.3 气孔导度/
mol·(m2·s)-10.33±0.15 0.35±0.13 蒸腾速率/
mmol·(m2·s)-18.78±0.7 9.27±0.49
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表 3 接种DSE对荞麦根系生长特性的影响
Table 3. Effect of DSE infectionon root growth of buckwheat
处理 CK DSE DSE贡献率/% 根尖/个 15±2 25±2 42.3 总根长/mm 206.9±5.5 460.7±5.7 55.1 根体积/mm3 24.2±2.3 48.4±0.5 50.0 根表面积/mm2 222.9±5.9 509.7±4.1 56.3 平均根直径/mm 0.34±0.09 0.38±0.11 11.9
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表 4 接种DSE对荞麦产量和品质的影响
Table 4. Effect of DSE infection on yield and quality of buckwheat
处理 产量/
(kg·ha-1)可溶性蛋白含量/
(mg·kg-1)可溶性糖含量/
(mg·kg-1)CK 826 1.21±0.18 14.89±1.83 DSE 1 036 1.67±0.16 16.53±3.77
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