煤层孔隙结构多尺度联合表征及其对可动流体的影响

李天; 任大忠; 甯波; 李启晖; 张瀚澎; 周俊丽; 章志锋

doi:10.19606/j.cnki.jmst.2023.04.013

煤层孔隙结构多尺度联合表征及其对可动流体的影响

doi: 10.19606/j.cnki.jmst.2023.04.013

1.
西安石油大学石油工程学院，西部低渗-特低渗油藏开发与治理教育部工程研究中心，陕西西安 710065
2.
中国石油勘探开发研究院，北京 100083
3.
神华神东质量技术检测检验中心，内蒙古鄂尔多斯 017000
4.
中国石油长庆油田分公司勘探开发研究院，陕西西安 710018

基金项目:

陕西省重点研发计划基金 2021GY-140

陕西省油气田特种增产技术重点实验室基金 20JS120

国家自然科学基金 51934005

国家自然科学基金 52074226

西安石油大学研究生创新与实践能力培养项目 YCS 23113032

详细信息

作者简介:
李天(1998—)，男，陕西兴平人，硕士研究生，主要从事油气田开发等方面的研究工作。Tel：18391092209，E-mail：1127327205@qq.com

通讯作者:
任大忠(1985—)，男，山东曹县人，博士，副教授，主要从事非常规油气藏地质与开发评价、岩石物理及渗流测试分析技术等方面的研究工作。E-mail：dzren@xsyu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TE122.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-02-08
- 修回日期: 2023-04-03
- 刊出日期: 2023-08-31

Multi-scale joint characterization of coal seam pore structure and its influence on movable fluid

1.
Engineering Research Center of Development and Management for Low to Ultra-Low Permeability Oil & Gas Reservoirs in West China, Ministry of Education, College of Petroleum Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an Shaanxi 710065, China
2.
PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Beijing 100083, China
3.
Shenhua Shendong Quality Technical Inspection and Test Center, Ordos Inner Mongolia 017000, China
4.
Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi'an Shaanxi 710018, China

摘要

摘要: 微观孔隙结构影响着流体在煤层中的储存及渗流。为精确表征煤层微观孔隙结构特征，本文以鄂尔多斯盆地神木地区侏罗系延安组煤层为研究对象，采用核磁共振、CO₂吸附和N₂吸附手段，多尺度联合表征煤层的孔隙分布特征，并结合CT扫描技术对微观孔隙的连通性和均匀性进行研究。结果表明：煤的微孔是比表面积与孔容积的主要贡献者，介孔次之；核磁共振与吸附联合表征反映了微孔、介孔部分的孔径分布有较好的一致性，大孔部分差异较大；驱替核磁共振和CT在反映连通程度方面具有优势，且两者对于连通性的表征具有一致性，配位数以及渗流孔比例等参数可有效反映样品的连通程度；不同深度段煤层连通性不同，非均质性也不同；煤样束缚水饱和度与孔喉比存在良好的正相关性。可见，孔隙结构对流体的运移程度有很大影响，是研究及评价瓦斯赋存与渗流的基础。
- 联合表征 /
- 孔隙结构 /
- 核磁共振 /
- 气体吸附 /
- 连通性 /
- 可动流体
Abstract: Micro-pore structure affects the fluid storage and seepage in coal seams.In this paper, six samples from the Jurassic Yan'an Formation coal seam in the Shenmu area of the Ordos Basin were taken as the object of study.The pore distribution characteristics of coal seams were jointly characterized by NMR, CO₂ adsorption and N₂ adsorption at multiple scales, and the connectivity and homogeneity of microscopic pores were investigated by combining multi-scale joint characiterization with CT scanning.Results show that the micro-pores of coal are the main contributors to the specific surface area and pore volume, followed by meso-pores.There is a good uniformity in the pore size distribution of the micro-pores and meso-pores by combing NMR and adsorption, while considerable differences are found in the macro-pores.Displacement NMR and CT excel in reflecting the degree of connectivity, both of which are consistent in the characterization of connectivity.Parameters such as coordination number and seepage pore ratio can effectively reflect the degree of connectivity of the sample, whose patterns of connectivity is M6>M2>M12>M15>M10>M4.The saturation of bound water shows a satisfactory positive correlation with pore-throat ratio of coal samples.It can be seen that the pore structure has a great influence on the degree of fluid migration, which is the basis for studying and evaluating gas occurrence and seepage.
- joint characterization /
- pore structure /
- NMR /
- gas adsorption /
- connectivity /
- movable fluid

HTML全文

图 1 研究区地理位置与构造示意图(据文献[28]修改)

Figure 1. Geographical location and structure of the study area(modified according to reference [28])

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图 2 孔渗关系

Figure 2. Relationship between porosity and permeability

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图 3 CO₂吸附法煤样孔容、比表面积与孔径分布关系

Figure 3. Relationship between pore volume, specific surface area and pore size distribution of coal samples by CO₂ adsorption method

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图 4 N₂吸附曲线

Figure 4. N₂ adsorption curves

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图 5 N₂吸附法煤样孔容、比表面积与孔径分布关系

Figure 5. Relationship between pore volume and specific surface area and pore size distribution of coal samples by N₂ adsorption

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图 6 实验饱和煤样T₂谱图及孔径分布

Figure 6. T₂ spectrum and pore size distribution of saturated coal samples

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图 7 煤孔容和孔比表面积与孔径的变化关系

Figure 7. Variation between pore volume, pore specific surface area and pore diameter of coal samples

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图 8 核磁共振转化孔径分布与多尺度实验孔径分布对比

Figure 8. Comparison of NMR conversion pore size distribution and multi-scale pore size distribution

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图 9 孔喉分布

Figure 9. Distribution of pore throat

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图 10 煤饱水驱替T₂谱图

Figure 10. T₂ spectrums of coal with full water repulsion

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图 11 煤Avizo数据

Figure 11. Avizo data of coal samples

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图 12 连通孔隙半径与配位数概率分布

Figure 12. Probability distribution of connected pore radius and coordination number

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图 13 孔隙结构与孔渗的关系

Figure 13. Relationship between pore structures and porosity permeability

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图 14 孔隙结构与束缚水饱和度的关系

Figure 14. Relationship between pore structures and bound water saturation

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表 1 煤质分析及物性基本参数

Table 1. Coal quality analysis and basic parameters of physical properties

煤矿	样号	深度/m	镜质体反射率/%	水分/%	灰分/%	挥发分/%	孔隙率/%	渗透率/mD
神木侏罗纪煤田	M2	220	0.57	6.09	15.32	41.92	8.571	5.103
	M4	130	0.58	5.47	6.53	38.43	4.823	3.357
	M6	230	0.60	6.29	4.37	36.88	13.220	8.476
	M10	140	0.52	8.62	18.84	32.75	1.975	1.531
	M12	180	0.63	4.26	15.35	31.28	5.828	3.518
	M15	140	0.74	2.37	16.60	34.90	2.958	4.513

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表 2 CO₂吸附实验数据

Table 2. Test data of CO₂ adsorption

样品编号	V₁/(cm³·g^-1)	S₁/(m²·g^-1)
M2	0.022 0	73.23
M4	0.015 6	51.42
M6	0.022 5	74.93
M10	0.021 4	72.47
M12	0.022 8	77.32
M15	0.021 2	71.29
注：V₁为微孔的孔容；S₁为微孔的比表面积。

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表 3 N₂吸附实验数据

Table 3. Test data of N₂ adsorption

编号	V_z/(cm³·g^-1)	阶段孔容/(cm³·g^-1)			S_z/(m²·g^-1)	阶段比表面积/(m²·g^-1)
编号	V_z/(cm³·g^-1)	V₁	V₂	V₃	S_z/(m²·g^-1)	S₁	S₂	S₃
M2	0.034 3	0	0.033 0(96.2%)	0.001 3(3.8%)	14.696 1	0	14.659 0(99.7%)	0.037 1(0.3%)
M4	0.031 9	0	0.030 4(95.9%)	0.001 5(4.1%)	12.210 7	0	12.168 8(99.6%)	0.041 9(0.4%)
M6	0.046 3	0	0.044 4(95.9%)	0.001 9(4.1%)	19.901 7	0	19.854 3(99.8%)	0.047 4(0.2%)
M10	0.013 4	0	0.012 8(95.5%)	0.000 6(4.5%)	5.343 7	0	5.327 1(99.7%)	0.016 6(0.3%)
M12	0.036 3	0	0.034 8(95.8%)	0.001 5(4.2%)	14.996 4	0	14.953 3(99.7%)	0.043 1(0.3%)
M15	0.025 6	0	0.024 6(96.1%)	0.001 0(3.9%)	9.285 0	0	9.254 0(99.6%)	0.003 0(0.4%)
注：Vz为总孔容；V₁为微孔孔容；V₂为介孔孔容；V₃为大孔孔容；Sz为总比表面积；S₁为微孔比表面积；S₂为介孔比表面积；S₃为大孔比表面积；括号中百分数为各类孔占比表面积或孔容的比例。

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表 4 煤CT孔隙结构参数

Table 4. CT pore structure parameters of coal samples

参数		M2	M4	M6	M10	M12	M15
孔隙率/%		5.46	1.07	6.03	1.85	2.02	2.21
孔隙总数		36 987	32 000	40 165	2 833	5 913	33 385
喉道总数		476	238	838	574	76	385
孔隙半径/μm	最大值	4 200	1 736	4 260	2 450	1 810	2 690
	最小值	10.4	10.4	10.4	10.4	10.4	10.4
	平均值	35.5	33.1	37.5	33.3	35.2	32.3
喉道半径/μm	最大值	1 160	306	634	276	610	419
	最小值	5.77	3.26	5.09	5.63	16.1	4.48
	平均值	218	42	246	53	156	134
孔隙配位数	最大值	17	10	14	11	20	18
	最小值	1	0	1	1	1	0
	平均值	4.18	3.22	4.22	3.30	3.90	3.50
孔喉比	最大值	56	26	61	32	23	69
	最小值	1	1	1	1	1	1
	平均值	2.6	3.5	1.6	3.4	2.2	2.6

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煤层孔隙结构多尺度联合表征及其对可动流体的影响

doi: 10.19606/j.cnki.jmst.2023.04.013

作者简介:
李天(1998—)，男，陕西兴平人，硕士研究生，主要从事油气田开发等方面的研究工作。Tel：18391092209，E-mail：1127327205@qq.com

通讯作者:
任大忠(1985—)，男，山东曹县人，博士，副教授，主要从事非常规油气藏地质与开发评价、岩石物理及渗流测试分析技术等方面的研究工作。E-mail：dzren@xsyu.edu.cn

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Multi-scale joint characterization of coal seam pore structure and its influence on movable fluid

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留言板

煤层孔隙结构多尺度联合表征及其对可动流体的影响

doi: 10.19606/j.cnki.jmst.2023.04.013

作者简介: 李天(1998—)，男，陕西兴平人，硕士研究生，主要从事油气田开发等方面的研究工作。Tel：18391092209，E-mail：1127327205@qq.com

通讯作者: 任大忠(1985—)，男，山东曹县人，博士，副教授，主要从事非常规油气藏地质与开发评价、岩石物理及渗流测试分析技术等方面的研究工作。E-mail：dzren@xsyu.edu.cn

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Multi-scale joint characterization of coal seam pore structure and its influence on movable fluid

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出版历程

目录

作者简介:
李天(1998—)，男，陕西兴平人，硕士研究生，主要从事油气田开发等方面的研究工作。Tel：18391092209，E-mail：1127327205@qq.com

通讯作者:
任大忠(1985—)，男，山东曹县人，博士，副教授，主要从事非常规油气藏地质与开发评价、岩石物理及渗流测试分析技术等方面的研究工作。E-mail：dzren@xsyu.edu.cn