Study on microbial cemented backfill mining technology
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摘要: 针对当前充填开采技术中水泥基胶结料存在的高排放和高耗能问题，将微生物诱导CaCO3沉积(MICP)技术引入充填开采领域，研究了微生物胶结充填材料的力学性能，建立了基于MICP的微生物胶结充填开采技术体系。研究表明，拌和型和灌注型微生物胶结充填材料的强度随着营养液浓度和菌液用量的增加呈现先增大后减小的规律，平均强度分别为0.88 MPa和17.95 MPa；微生物充填材料内部的有效CaCO3晶体是充填材料固结的关键，在拌和型试样中以方解石和球霰石的矿物形式存在，在灌注型试样中主要为方解石。微生物胶结充填开采技术的节能减排环境效益显著，特别是在当前环保需求和政策背景下，该技术具有科学价值和发展前景。
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关键词:
- 微生物诱导碳酸钙沉积 /
- 微生物充填材料 /
- 充填开采 /
- 绿色开采
Abstract: The microbial induced carbonate precipitation(MICP) technology is proposed in the field of backfill mining to tackle high emission and high energy consumption in the current backfill system.Specifically, mechanical properties of microbial cemented backfill materials are investigated, and a proposal of microbial cemented backfill mining technology is presented in this paper.Results show that the strength of mixed and grouted microbial cemented backfill first increases and then decreases with the increase of cementation solution concentration and bacterial solution dosage.The average strength is 0.88 MPa and 17.95 MPa respectively.The effective CaCO3 crystal in the microbial backfill material is the key to its consolidation.The CaCO3 crystal of the mixing sample exists in the form of calcite and vaterite, and mainly calcite in the grouted sample.Microbial cemented backfill mining technology has significant environmental benefits such as energy conservation and emission reduction.There is happy prospect for this technology under current environmental needs and policies. -
图 1 微生物胶结充填开采技术内涵
Figure 1. The framework of microbial cemented backfill mining technology
图 7 微生物与水泥基胶结材料成本和性能对比
Figure 7. Correlation between cost andperformance of microbial and cement based backfilling materials
图 8 微生物胶结充填材料XRD图谱
Figure 8. The X-ray diffraction spectrum of microbial cemented backfill
图 9 拌和型和灌注型微生物充填材料微观结构
Figure 9. The micro structure of microbial mixed backfill and microbial grouted backfill
图 10 微生物胶结充填材料制备、输送系统
Figure 10. Microbial cemented back filling material preparation and transportation system
图 11 灌注型微生物胶结充填开采系统工艺
Figure 11. The technology of microbial grouted cemented back filling and mining system
表 1 各胶结材料单价
Table 1. Unit price of cementing materials
元/t 粉煤灰 水泥 添加剂 氯化钙 70 500 300 1 620 尿素 硫酸铵 酵母提取物 氢氧化钠 2 525 1 400 1 200 4 000 
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