Research on the new technology of anchor cable with C-shaped tube support and its application in deep large deformation roadway
-
摘要: 随着煤矿开采深度的增加，巷道围岩应力环境恶化，围岩大变形及锚杆锚索破断问题更加突出，严重影响深部矿井生产安全。为了解决此类问题，本文针对锚杆锚索支护的优点及缺陷，基于管索组合结构与围岩相互作用机理，提出了管索组合结构支护新技术。管索组合结构通过改善锚索自由段结构、优化其受力状态，使锚索具备较高轴向承载力，同时能够防止受岩石错动等横向作用而导致的锚索自由段破断，避免围岩失稳。通过室内剪切试验发现，管索组合结构的最大剪切荷载为普通锚索的1.27倍以上，平均最大剪切位移为普通锚索的1.16倍，表明管索组合结构具有良好的抗剪能力和剪切方向延展特性。基于九龙矿巷道的工程案例，通过现场监测和钻孔探测，分析了原支护方案下巷道的变形破坏特征，并将管索组合结构在深部大变形巷道进行了应用，现场监测结果表明，采用管索组合结构支护新技术能够有效控制围岩大变形。研究结果可为类似深部矿井支护提供参考。Abstract: With the increase of coal mining depth, the stress environment of the surrounding rock of the roadway deteriorates, therefore it becomes a prominent problem for the large deformation of the surrounding rock and the breaking of the bolt and cable, which seriously affects the safety of deep mine production.To solve such problems, this paper focuses on the advantages and disadvantages of bolt and cable support.Based on the interaction mechanism between Anchor Cable with C-shaped tube(ACC)and surrounding rock, this paper proposed a new ACC support technology.ACC optimizes the stress state by improving the structure of the free section of the anchor cable.It can not only enhance the anchor cable's axial bearing capacity but also prevent the free section of the anchor cable from breaking due to lateral action.It can avoid the problem of instability of surrounding rock.Through the shear test, it is found that the maximum shear load of the ACC is more than 1.27 times that of the ordinary anchor cable, and the average maximum shear displacement is 1.16 times that of the ordinary anchor cable, which indicates that the ACC has good shear resistance and shear direction extension properties.Based on the engineering case of the roadway of Jiulong Mine, this study analyzes the deformation and failure characteristics of the roadway under the original support scheme through on-site monitoring and borehole detection, and has successfully applied the ACC in the deep large-deformation roadway.The field monitoring results show that the new technology of ACC can effectively control the large deformation of surrounding rock.The results of this study can provide reference for similar deep mine support.
-
图 2 竖向抗拔锚索应力传递影响区
Figure 2. Influence area of stress transfer of vertical uplift anchor cable
图 5 纯锚索和ACC支护作用机理示意图
Figure 5. Schematic results of possible transverse action on pure anchor cable and ACC
图 13 深部大变形巷道ACC支护技术现场
Figure 13. ACC support technology field map of deep large deformation roadway
表 1 锚索和ACC剪切对比试验
Table 1. Cable and ACC shear comparison test plan
构件类型 钢绞线结构 预紧力/kN ϕ17.8 mm锚索 1×7 100 ϕ17.8 mm ACC 1×7 100 ϕ21.6 mm锚索 1×7 100/200/250/300 ϕ21.6 mm ACC 1×7 100/200/250/300 ϕ21.8 mm锚索 1×19 100 ϕ21.8 mm ACC 1×19 100 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 不同类型构件试验结果对比(预紧力100 kN)
Table 2. Comparison of test results of different types of components(pretension 100 kN)
钢绞线类型 峰值剪力/kN 峰值剪力对应位移/mm 峰值轴力/kN ACC 锚索 ACC 锚索 ACC 锚索 ϕ17.8 mm 639.9 459.7 85.1 78.9 321.1 310.1 ϕ21.6 mm 821.3 629.2 119.1 98.5 460.8 420.5 ϕ21.8 mm 955.5 753.8 129.3 109.1 555.8 508.6
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 不同预紧力构件试验结果对比(ϕ21.6 mm)
Table 3. Comparison of test results of components with different preloads(ϕ21.6 mm)
预紧力/kN 峰值剪力/kN 峰值剪力对应位移/mm 峰值轴力/kN ACC 锚索 ACC 锚索 ACC 锚索 100 821.3 629.2 119.1 98.5 460.8 420.5 200 815.8 608.9 107.6 100.6 460.6 440.1 250 795.2 584.4 106.2 91.6 467.6 435.2 300 792.4 563.6 99.5 84.7 467.4 436.6
下载: 导出CSV
表 4 地应力测试结果
Table 4. In-situ stress test results
主应力 σ/MPa 倾角/(°) 方位角/(°) σ1 29.79 -7.86 251.35 σ2 20.26 78.73 -62.47 σ3 16.26 8.03 162.47
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 何满潮. 深部软岩工程的研究进展与挑战[J]. 煤炭学报, 2014, 39(8): 1409-1417. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MTXB201408006.htmHe Manchao. Progress and challenges of soft rock engineering in depth[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2014, 39(8): 1409-1417. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MTXB201408006.htm [2] 李永亮, 王宇轩, 林海, 等. 两侧采空巷道挤压变形机理与控制对策[J]. 矿业科学学报, 2020, 5(5): 511-518. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KYKX202005005.htmLi Yongliang, Wang Yuxuan, Lin Hai, et al. Squeezing deformation mechanism and control technology of roadway between two goafs[J]. Journal of Mining Science and Technology, 2020, 5(5): 511-518. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KYKX202005005.htm [3] 单仁亮, 彭杨皓, 孔祥松, 等. 国内外煤巷支护技术研究进展[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2019, 38(12): 2377-2403. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YSLX201912001.htmShan Renliang, Peng Yanghao, Kong Xiangsong, et al. Research progress of coal roadway support technology at home and abroad[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2019, 38(12): 2377-2403. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YSLX201912001.htm [4] 郑重远, 黄乃炯. 树脂锚杆及锚固剂[M]. 北京: 煤炭工业出版社, 1983. [5] 侯朝炯, 郭励生. 煤巷锚杆支护[M]. 徐州: 中国矿业大学出版社, 1999: 4-6. [6] 康红普, 王金华. 煤巷锚杆支护理论与成套技术[M]. 北京: 煤炭工业出版社, 2007. [7] 何满潮, 李晨, 宫伟力, 等. NPR锚杆/索支护原理及大变形控制技术[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2016, 35(8): 1513-1529. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YSLX201608001.htmHe Manchao, Li Chen, Gong Weili, et al. Support principles of NPR bolts/cables and control techniques of large deformation[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2016, 35(8): 1513-1529. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YSLX201608001.htm [8] 王爱文, 范德威, 潘一山, 等. 扩胀-摩擦式吸能防冲锚索及其力学特性[J]. 煤炭学报, 2022, 47(2): 695-710. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MTXB202202008.htmWang Aiwen, Fan Dewei, Pan Yishan, et al. Expansion-friction energy-absorption anti-impact cable and its mechanical characteristics[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2022, 47(2): 695-710. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MTXB202202008.htm [9] 高明仕, 杨青松, 赵一超, 等. 高应力大变形巷道让压锚索支护技术及装置研制[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报, 2016, 33(1): 7-11. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KSYL201601002.htmGao Mingshi, Yang Qingsong, Zhao Yichao, et al. Support technology and device development of yield cables for the high stress and large deformation roadway[J]. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering, 2016, 33(1): 7-11. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KSYL201601002.htm [10] 代连朋, 潘一山, 王爱文. 轴裂式构件变形吸能特性研究及工程应用初探[J]. 煤炭学报, 2017, 42(7): 1682-1690. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MTXB201707006.htmDai Lianpeng, Pan Yishan, Wang Aiwen. Deformation and energy-absorption properties of axial splitting components and its primary application[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2017, 42(7): 1682-1690. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MTXB201707006.htm [11] 陆士良, 汤雷, 杨新安. 锚杆锚固力及锚固技术[M]. 北京: 煤炭工业出版社, 1998. [12] Li S C, Wang Q, Wang H T, et al. Model test study on surrounding rock deformation and failure mechanisms of deep roadways with thick top coal[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2015, 47: 52-63. [13] 马念杰, 张玉, 陈刚, 等. 新型玻璃钢锚杆研究[J]. 采矿与岩层控制工程学报, 2001(4): 45-47. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MKKC200104017.htmMa Nianjie, Zhang Yu, Chen Gang, et al. Research on new fiberglass bolt[J]. Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering, 2001(4): 45-47. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MKKC200104017.htm [14] 康红普, 姜铁明, 高富强. 预应力在锚杆支护中的作用[J]. 煤炭学报, 2007, 32(7): 680-685. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MTXB200707001.htmKang Hongpu, Jiang Tieming, Gao Fuqiang. Effect of pretensioned stress to rock bolting[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2007, 32(7): 680-685. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MTXB200707001.htm [15] 彭杨皓, 杨捷, 程晋国, 等. 煤矿大断面托顶煤巷道变形机理及控制技术研究[J]. 矿业科学学报, 2017, 2(5): 439-448. http://kykxxb.cumtb.edu.cn/article/id/94Peng Yanghao, Yang Jie, Cheng Jinguo, et al. Deformation mechanism and control technology of large section gateway with top coal in coal mine[J]. Journal of Mining Science and Technology, 2017, 2(5): 439-448. http://kykxxb.cumtb.edu.cn/article/id/94 [16] Huang Z P, Broch E, Lu M. Cavern roof stability-mechanism of arching and stabilization by rockbolting[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2002, 17(3): 249-261. [17] 邹金锋, 李亮, 阮波. 弹性状态下锚杆位移变形分析[J]. 中国铁道科学, 2004, 25(5): 94-96. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGTK200405018.htmZou Jinfeng, Li Liang, Ruan Bo. Analysis of displacement and deformation of anchor bolt under elastic state[J]. China Railway Science, 2004, 25(5): 94-96. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGTK200405018.htm [18] 蒋忠信. 拉力型锚索锚固段剪应力分布的高斯曲线模式[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2001, 23(6): 696-699. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTGC200106009.htmJiang Zhongxin. A Gauss curve model on shear stress along anchoring section of anchoring rope of extensional force type[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2001, 23(6): 696-699. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTGC200106009.htm [19] 邹金锋, 李亮, 杨小礼, 等. 基于非线性Mohr-Coulomb强度准则下锚索极限抗拔力研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2007, 29(1): 107-111. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTGC200701017.htmZou Jinfeng, Li Liang, Yang Xiaoli, et al. Study on the ultimate pullout force of pre-stressed cable based on nonlinear Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2007, 29(1): 107-111. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTGC200701017.htm [20] 郭金刚, 王伟光, 岳帅帅, 等. 特厚煤层综放沿空掘巷围岩控制机理及其应用[J]. 煤炭学报, 2017, 42(4): 825-832. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MTXB201704003.htmGuo Jingang, Wang Weiguang, Yue Shuaishuai, et al. Surrounding rock control mechanism and its application of gob-side driving entry in extra thick coal seam[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2017, 42(4): 825-832. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MTXB201704003.htm [21] Hawkes J A E R. Bond stresses in reinforced concrete columns and beams[J]. Journal of the Institute of Structrual Engineers, 1951, 10(5): 323-327. doi: 10.1061/%28ASCE%290733-9445%282005%29131%3A11%281690%29 [22] Li X W, Aziz N, Mirzaghorbanali A, et al. Behavior of fiber glass bolts, rock bolts and cable bolts in shear[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 2016, 49(7): 2723-2735. doi: 10.1007/s00603-015-0907-7 [23] Li C C. Performance of D-bolts under static loading[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 2012, 45(2): 183-192. doi: 10.1007/s00603-011-0198-6 [24] 单仁亮, 仝潇, 黄鹏程, 等. 管索组合结构及其力学性能研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2022, 43(3): 602-614. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTLX202203004.htmShan Renliang, Tong Xiao, Huang Pengcheng, et al. Research on the anchor cable combined with the c-shaped tube and the mechanical properties[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2022, 43(3): 602-614. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTLX202203004.htm [25] 李永亮, 杨仁树, 温明睿, 等. 煤矿巷道顶板锚索受力特征与分区锚固机理[J]. 煤炭科学技术, 2022, 50(5): 73-83. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MTKJ202205009.htmLi Yongliang, Yang Renshu, Wen Mingrui, et al. Stressed characteristics and regional anchoring mechanism of cable bolts in coal mine roadway roof[J]. Coal Science and Technology, 2022, 50(5): 73-83. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MTKJ202205009.htm -
点击查看大图
图(13) / 表(4)
计量
- 文章访问数: 619
- HTML全文浏览量: 159
- PDF下载量: 72
- 被引次数: 0