Parameter optimization of alkali injection prevention and field application in coal seam of high hydrogen sulfide roadway
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摘要: 煤矿井下硫化氢超限不但伤害作业人员，也会损坏井下设备。山西某煤矿巷道内水中硫化氢浓度为228.19 mg/m3，空气中硫化氢浓度为45.64 mg/m3，属于高硫化氢煤矿，拟采用煤层钻孔注碱的方法治理硫化氢。为确定最佳注碱参数，本文采用COMSOL Multiphysics软件对煤层注碱治理硫化氢的过程及效果开展单孔和双孔注碱数值模拟。结果表明：距离钻孔中心越远，煤层所受到的注碱压力越小；注碱时间越长，碱液的扩散范围越大，碱液的扩散速度随扩散范围的变大而逐渐减小；双孔注碱距离过近时，串流现象导致相同时间下碱液扩散范围变小；得出模拟最优方案为：孔距10 m、压力8 MPa、注碱时间48 h。在13103工作面注碱后，进行了为期28 d的现场数据监测，测得回风流硫化氢浓度最高为9.13 mg/m3，回采中未超限，表明最佳注碱参数可指导煤层注碱工作。Abstract: Exceeding the limit of underground hydrogen sulfide not only harms operators, but also damages underground equipment.The concentration of hydrogen sulfide in water in a coal mine roadway in Shanxi is 228.19 mg/m3, and 45.64 mg/m3in the air, rendering it a high hydrogen sulfide coal mine.The method of coal seam drilling and alkali injection is used to control hydrogen sulfide.In order to determine the optimal parameters of alkali injection, this paper uses COMSOL Multiphysics software to carry out single-hole and double-hole alkali injection numerical simulations on the process and effect of coal seam alkali injection to treat hydrogen sulfide.The simulation results of single-hole and double-hole alkali injection show that: the farther away from the drilling center, the lower the alkali injection pressure on the coal seam.The longer the alkali injection time, the larger the diffusion range of the alkali solution.And the diffusion speed of the alkali solution gradually decreases as the diffusion range becomes larger.When the distance of double-hole alkali injection is too close, the cross-flow will cause the diffusion range of the alkali solution to become smaller at the same time.The optimal simulation scheme is as follows: the hole distance is 10 m, the pressure is 8 MPa, and the alkali injection time is 48 h.After alkali injection at the 13103 working face, a 28 d on-site data monitoring was carried out.The maximum hydrogen sulfide concentration in the return air flow was 9.13 mg/m3, which did not exceed the limit during the mining, indicating that the optimal alkali injection parameters can guide the coal seam alkali injection work.
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图 2 不同注碱压力下的碱液扩散云图
Figure 2. The lye diffusion cloud diagram under different alkali injection pressures
图 3 不同压力下碱液浓度随钻孔距离变化曲线
Figure 3. The changing curves of lye concentration with drilling distance under different pressures
图 6 不同压力下注碱达到的最远距离
Figure 6. The farthest distance reached by alkali injection at different pressures
图 7 压力为8 MPa不同孔距下的碱液扩散云图
Figure 7. The lye diffusion cloud diagram under different hole distances at 8 MPa
图 8 8 MPa下不同孔距的碱液扩散范围
Figure 8. Diffusion range diagram of lye with different hole spacing at 8 MPa
图 9 8 MPa时不同孔距下碱液浓度随钻孔距离变化图
Figure 9. Variation of lye concentration with drilling distance under different hole spacing and pressure at 8 MPa
图 11 注碱后煤层空气中硫化氢浓度
Figure 11. H2S concentration in coal seam air after alkali injection
表 1 模型计算参数
Table 1. Model calculation parameters
变量 物理含义 参数值 μ 碱液动力黏度/(Pa·s) 1.005×10-3 εp 煤体孔隙率/% 1.94 ρ 碱溶液密度/(kg·m-3) l.0x103 p 最初注碱压力/MPa 4/5/6/7/8 k 煤体渗透率/mD 4.47×10-13 cH2S 煤层中硫化氢摩尔浓度/(mol·m-3) 5.8 cNa2CO3 碱液摩尔浓度/(mol·m-3) 58.1 Di 反应物扩散系数/(m2·m-1) 1.0×10-13 A 频度因子/(m3·mol·s-1) 1.0×10-6 E 活化能/(J·mol-1) 7.2×104 Rg 气体状态常数/J·(mol·K)-1 8.341 p0 煤层气体压力/MPa 0.26 T 温度/K 298.15 
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