Accuracy verification methods and experimental study of ground-based real aperture radar
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摘要: 常规形变监测手段受限于数据精度、监测范围、适用环境等因素，严重制约滑坡、坍塌灾害的预警预报工作。基于差分干涉技术的微波遥感方法是进行非接触表面微小位移高精度监测的先进技术在应急救援、防灾减灾、矿山安全生产、边坡稳定性评估等方面均有有效应用。本文应用自研的地基真实孔径雷达系统，在分析信号模型的基础上，归纳了强散射特性目标回波数据处理流程，提出了适用于验证该类型雷达系统形变监测精度的方法。据此开展了基于三角板角反射器的点目标静止与位移实验，通过雷达回波幅值分析与点云数据拟合，判别预设目标空间位置并确定目标位移标准值，证明了所提方法的有效性和系统0.1 mm监测精度。在内蒙古黑岱沟露天煤矿进行边坡监测实验，结合若干点目标形变数据说明了系统良好的实用性。Abstract: Conventional deformation monitoring means are limited by data accuracy, monitoring range, applicable environment and other factors, which seriously restrict the early warning and forecasting of landslide and collapse disasters.The microwave remote sensing method based on differential interference technology is an advanced technology for high precision monitoring of small displacements on non-contact surfaces nowadays.The self-researched ground-based real aperture radar system was applied in the research.This paper, based on the analysis of the signal model, summarized the process of target echo data processing with strong scattering characteristics and proposed a method applicable to verify the deformation monitoring accuracy of this type of radar system.Point target stationary and displacement experiments based on triangular plate angle reflector were carried out accordingly.Through the radar echo amplitude analysis and point cloud data fitting, the pre-defined target space position was discriminated and the target displacement standard value was determined, which proved the effectiveness of the method and the 0.1mm monitoring accuracy of the system.A slope monitoring experiment was carried out in Heidaigou open-pit coal mine in Inner Mongolia which combined with some point target deformation data illustrated the good practicality of the system.
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表 1 地基真实孔径边坡雷达技术参数
Table 1. S-RAR technical specifications
频段/GHz 监测距离/km 水平监测范围/(°) 俯仰监测范围/(°) @1km分辨/(m×m×m) 14~14.5 2 -120~120 -45~45 0.5×8.7×8.7 
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表 2 静止目标实验参数
Table 2. CR static experiment setting
角反棱长/mm 信号带宽/MHz 频点数 测量周期/min 300 500 2 401 5
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表 3 地基真实孔径边坡雷达系统参数设置
Table 3. S-RAR system parameter setting
载频/GHz 信号带宽/MHz 频点数 转台步进精度/(°) 14.25 500 2 401 1
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