摘要:
巷道支护理论和技术是煤矿岩层控制研究的核心内容。 本文系统梳理了煤矿巷道的代 表性支护理论,从围岩内部、巷道表面和复合控制三个方面详细阐述和分析了巷道支护技术,在 此基础上,探讨了巷道支护下一步可能的研究重点。 在支护理论方面,新奥法、松动圈、围岩强度 强化等理论较为成熟,承压环、强帮强角和等强支护等新理论不断涌现。 支护技术方面,围岩内 部支护包括锚杆(索)、注浆和卸压技术;表面支护主要包括砌碹、金属支架和钢管混凝土支架支 护技术;复合控制主要包括注浆-锚杆(索)、棚-索以及注浆-棚-索复合技术,并重点介绍了新型 的全空间桁架锚索协同控制技术。 总的来看,围岩与支护体的协同作用机制、新支护材料和技术 体系、让压机理和技术以及成熟定量的支护设计方法等仍需深入研究。
Abstract:
Roadwaysupporttheoryandtechnologyisthecoreresearchfocusofstratacontrolincoal mine.Inthispaper,therepresentativesupportingtheoriesofroadwayaresystematicallysortedout,and thesupportingtechnologiesofroadwayareexpoundedandanalyzedindetailfromthefollowingthreeaspects:surroundingrockinside,roadwaysurfaceandcompositecontrol.Furthermore,the possible researchfocusisdiscussedandanalyzed.Themainconclusionsshowthatthesupportingtheoriessuchas NewAustrianmethod,brokenrockzone,strengthenhancementofsurroundingrockaremoremature, andnewsupportingtheoriessuchascompressionringenhancedsupporttheory,strongsupportforsidewallanduniformstrengthbeamtheoryareemerging.Thetechnologiesinsurroundingrockincludebolt (cable),groutingandpressurerelief,andsurfacesupporttechnologiesmainlyincludemasonryarch, metalsupportandconcrete-filledsteeltubesupport.Whilethecompositecontroltechnologiesmainlyincludegrouting-bolt (cable),shed-cable and grouting-shed-cable composite technology,and the new technology named full space truss and anchor coordinative support is introduced in detail.The synergisticmechanismbetweensurroundingrockandsupportingbody,newsupportingmaterialandsys
tem,pressurereliefmechanismandtechnology,andmaturequantitativesupportdesignmethodstillneed tobedeeplystudiedinfuture.
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