The impact of temperature and pre-wetting of aggregates on rheological properties of coal gangue mortars
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摘要: 矿山充填、巷道喷射等工程对施作材料的流变性要求较高。水泥基材料中的骨料类型、状态与所处的环境对砂浆流变性能有显著影响。本文以煤矸石砂代替石英砂作为水泥基材料的细骨料，研究温度与骨料预湿对砂浆流变性的影响规律及作用机理。结果表明，煤矸石砂浆的剪切应力-剪切速率关系符合Herschel-Bulkley(H-B)模型特征，流变指数大于1，稠度明显大于石英砂砂浆；煤矸石砂浆的表观黏度随温度升高而不断降低，但骨料预湿的影响不大；30 ℃下煤矸石砂浆的屈服应力为2.99 Pa，比10 ℃下提高1.45倍，预湿后则提高2.13倍；煤矸石砂浆的触变环面积大于石英砂砂浆，预湿煤矸石砂浆的触变环面积为398.4 Pa/s，干燥煤矸石砂浆则减小为283.3 Pa/s。研究结果将为煤矸石砂的合理利用、复杂环境下流变材料的设计与制备提供支撑。Abstract: Mine filling and tunnel spraying projects pose high requirements on the rheological properties of cement-based materials.The types, conditions of fine sands and the exposed environment have significant effects on the rheological properties.In this light, this paper uses coal gangue sand instead of quartz sand as the fine aggregate of cement-based material and investigates the effect of temperature and aggregate prewetting on the rheological properties of mortar and its mechanism.Results show that the shear stress-shear rate relationship of coal gangue mortar conforms to the characteristics of Herschel-Bulkley(H-B)model, with higher rheological index(higher than 1)and higher consistency than that of quartz sand mortar.The apparent viscosity of coal gangue mortar decreases with increasing temperature, but the effect of aggregate prewetting is not significant.The yield stress of coal gangue mortar at 30 ℃ is 2.99 Pa, 1.45 times higher than that at 10 ℃, and 2.13 times higher after prewetting.The thixotropic ring area of coal gangue mortar is higher than that of quartz sand mortar, and the thixotropic ring area of pre-wetting coal gangue mortar is 398.4 Pa/s, while that of dry coal gangue mortar is 283.3 Pa/s.The obtained results are expected to provide evidence for the rational utilization of coal gangue sand and the design and preparation of rheological materials served in complex environment.
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Key words:
- mortar /
- coal gangue /
- temperature /
- pre-wetting aggregate /
- rheology
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图 6 砂浆表观黏度随剪切速率的变化规律曲线
Figure 6. Variations of apparent viscosity of mortars with shear rate
图 7 温度和预湿对两种砂浆表观黏度的影响
Figure 7. Influence of temperature and pre-wetting on the apparent viscosity of two mortars
图 11 石英砂和煤矸石砂光学显微镜照片
Figure 11. Optical microscope photographs of quartz sand and gangue sand
表 1 胶凝材料的化学组成
Table 1. Chemical composition of binders
% 类型 CaO SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 SO3 MgO K2O LOI 水泥 66.54 15.99 3.83 4.26 2.78 1.61 1.46 2.20 粉煤灰 9.80 51.49 24.36 5.49 2.14 1.20 1.04 2.34 
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表 2 试验配合比
Table 2. Test mix proportion
配合比 水泥 粉煤灰 砂 水 减水剂 石英砂砂浆 0.7 0.3 0.35 0.35 0.086 煤矸石砂浆 0.7 0.3 0.35 0.35 0.258 注：砂质量为未预湿的质量。
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表 3 两种水泥砂浆的流变参数
Table 3. Rheological parameters of two cement mortars
编号 τ0 K n R2 10-Dry-Quartz 0.36 0.13 1.11 0.999 20-Dry-Quartz 0.35 0.17 1.16 0.999 30-Dry-Quartz 4.14 0.18 1.17 0.999 10-PreWet-Quartz 0.23 0.22 1.15 0.999 20-PreWet-Quartz 1.51 0.17 1.13 0.999 30-PreWet-Quartz 6.31 0.24 1.09 0.999 10-Dry-Gangue 2.05 0.24 1.34 0.999 20-Dry-Gangue 2.72 0.21 1.31 0.999 30-Dry-Gangue 2.99 0.22 1.26 0.999 10-PreWet-Gangue 2.39 0.27 1.31 0.999 20-PreWet-Gangue 3.34 0.22 1.33 0.999 30-PreWet-Gangue 5.18 0.22 1.26 0.999
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