The drilling parameter acquisition system of hydraulic anchor drilling rig in coal mine roadways and its application
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摘要: 围岩岩性随钻识别技术能够实时获取巷道围岩力学参数，为煤巷围岩支护提供基础保障。本文基于煤矿巷道液压锚杆钻机研发了煤巷液压锚杆钻机随钻参数采集系统，包括钻进系统、动力系统、监测系统及试件平台。利用该系统进行了不同强度砂浆组合试件的钻进实验，结果表明，系统性能良好，随钻参数变化规律明显，扭矩和推进压强在不同岩层交界处有明显的跃迁现象。为了验证岩石强度随钻识别的可靠性，通过随钻参数计算破岩比能，进一步分析了随钻参数与抗压强度的关系。基于破岩比能法该系统可以实现随钻参数对岩石力学性能的识别。Abstract: The drilling identification technology of surrounding rock lithology can obtain the mechanical parameters of the surrounding rock of the roadway in real time, providing the basic guarantee for the surrounding rock support of the coal mine roadway. Based on the hydraulic anchor drilling rig for coal mine roadways, this paper developed the drilling parameter acquisition system of hydraulic anchor drilling rig in coal mine roadways, including the drilling system, power system, monitoring system and specimen platform. Drilling experiments of combined specimens of mortar of different strengths were carried out using this system. The experimental results indicate that the system shows good performance, obvious variation of the parameters with drilling, and obvious transitions of torque and propulsion pressure at the junction of different rock formations. In order to verify the feasibility of identifying rock strength while drilling, this study calculated the relationship between rock breaking specific energy by means of drilling parameters, and also analyzed the relationship between drilling parameters and compressive strength, it shows that based on the rock breaking specific energy method, the system can realize the identification of rock mechanical parameters by drilling parameters.
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图 1 煤巷液压锚杆钻机随钻参数采集系统
Figure 1. Drilling parameter acquisition system of hydraulic anchor drilling rig in coal mine roadways
图 4 转速扭矩复合传感器安装位置
Figure 4. Installation position of speed and torque composite sensor
图 7 试件Y3的钻进深度和转速随时间变化曲线
Figure 7. The drilling depth and rotation speed of specimen Y3 changes over time
图 8 试件Y3的扭矩和推进压强随钻进深度变化曲线
Figure 8. The torque and propulsion pressure of specimen Y3 changes with the drilling depth
表 1 液压锚杆钻机的技术参数
Table 1. Technical parameters of hydraulic anchor drilling rig
项目 参数 额定扭矩/(N·m) 360 额定转速/(r·min-1) 550 钻孔直径/mm 28~32 锚杆钻孔深度/m 0~18 适应钎具/mm 19 
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表 2 传感器的技术参数
Table 2. Technical parameters of the sensors
传感器 参数范围 单位 精度/% 过载能力/% 扭矩传感器 0~500 N·m 0.5 150 转速传感器 0~500 r·min-1 0.5 150 位移传感器 0~3 m 0.5 120 压力传感器 0~50 MPa 0.5 125
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表 3 不同强度砂浆的配合比及单轴抗压强度
Table 3. The mix ratio and uniaxial compressive strength of mortars of different strengths
砂浆类型 水泥/(kg·m-3) 砂子/(kg·m-3) 水/(kg·m-3) UCS/MPa M5 210 3.68 M15 320 1 450 310 16.41 M25 395 25.58 注：水泥强度等级均为32.5。
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表 4 随钻参数采集实验结果
Table 4. Results of experimental data acquisition of drilling parameters
n/(r·min-1) UCS/MPa v/(m·s-1) T/(N·m) pt/MPa SE/(kJ·cm-3) 220 4.58 0.026 35.99 6.63 14.23 17.71 0.026 36.53 7.21 18.90 26.53 0.026 41.41 8.25 21.49 320 3.52 0.029 20.75 5.26 13.72 16.69 0.029 27.69 6.37 17.79 26.97 0.029 35.00 6.90 21.57 420 2.94 0.034 13.48 4.27 13.59 14.83 0.034 18.31 4.74 17.53 23.24 0.034 25.33 5.96 21.25
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