Study on key parameters of water bag dust removal in open air deep hole blasting
-
摘要: 本文采用ANSYS Fluent数值软件与现场实验相结合的方法研究了水袋降尘原理，重点分析了水袋起爆时差与间隔距离对降尘效果的影响。结果表明：第一排水袋起爆与深孔爆破时差在1~1.5 s时，爆破水雾浓度较大且扩散范围最广，能够与爆破产生的粉尘云充分接触；第一排与第二排水袋起爆时差在0.5~1.0 s时，水袋沿途降尘效果较优；两水袋间隔距离在10~15 m时，爆破雾化的覆盖面积大，爆破后粉尘的捕捉能力更好。采用水雾捕尘措施后，50 m处落尘量与未采取措施相比增加了27 %，100 m处落尘量增加12 %，150 m处落尘量减少16 %，爆后50 s粉尘浓度降低36 %。水雾与尘粒作用，加速了尘粒的沉降，近区落尘量增加，远处落尘量减小。Abstract: In this paper, the principle of water bag dust removal is studied by using ANSYS Fluent numerical software combined with field experiment.The influence of the detonation time difference and the distance between the water bag and the dust removal effect is analyzed emphatically.The results show that when the time difference between the first row of water bag initiation and the deep hole blasting is within the range of 1~1.5 s, the blasting water mist concentration is larger and the diffusion range is the widest, enabling the blasting water mist to fully contact with the dust cloud diffused over.When the detonation time between the first row and the second row of water bags is 0.5~1.0 s, the dust removal effect along the water bags is better.When the distance between the two water bags is 10~15 m, the coverage area of blasting atomization is larger, and the ability to capture dust after blasting is better.The field experiment results show that the dust fall at 50m increases by 27 %, the dust fall at 100 m increases by 12 %, and the dust fall at 150m decreases by 16 %.The effect of water mist and dust particles accelerates the settling of dust particles, and the dust fall in the near area increases, while the dust fall in the distance decreases.The dust concentration of the 50s after explosion is reduced by 36 % after the adoption of water mist dust capture measures.
-
Key words:
- explosion water mist /
- water bag /
- numerical simulation /
- delayed exploding time /
- spacing distance
-
图 1 露天台阶爆破三维几何模型
Figure 1. Three-dimensional geometric model of open-pit bench blasting
图 2 露天台阶爆破后粉尘的动态扩散过程
Figure 2. Dynamic diffusion process of dust after open-pit bench blasting
图 3 深孔爆破与水袋起爆时差对爆破降尘效果的影响
Figure 3. Effect of time difference between deep-hole blasting and water bag blasting on blasting dust removal effect
图 4 水袋间起爆时差对爆破降尘效果影响分析
Figure 4. Analysis of the effect of time difference between water bags on blasting dust removal
图 5 水袋间距差对爆破降尘效果影响分析
Figure 5. Analysis of influence of water bag spacing difference on blasting dust removal effect
表 1 边界条件及求解参数设置
Table 1. Boundary conditions and solution parameter setting
边界条件及求解参数 参数设定 速度入口 2 m/s 水力直径 41.5 m 湍流强度 4.75% 出口边界 Pressure-outlet 剪切边界 No Slip 压力—速度耦合方式 SIMPLEC 离散格式 Second Order Upwind 收敛标准 10-6 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 离散相模型及粉尘源设置
Table 2. Discrete phase model and dust source setting
离散相及粉尘源参数 参数设定 相间耦合频率 10 计算步数 10 000 阻力特征 Spherical 粒径分布函数 Rosin-Rammler 粒径 Min 0.33 μm；Max470 μm；Mean140 μm 分布指数 1.98 初始抛出速度 86 m/s 质量流率 6 kg/s 积分尺度 0.15
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 两种情况爆后50 s的粉尘浓度
Table 3. Dust concentration 50 s after explosion in both cases
测点 1 2 距离/m 75 75 粉尘浓度/(mg·m-3) 118 184
下载: 导出CSV
表 4 落尘量统计值
Table 4. Dust fall statistics
方案 测点号 落尘量/(g·m-2) 测点号 落尘量/(g·m-2) 测点号 落尘量/(g·m-2) 无降尘 1-1 6.94 2-1 1.96 3-1 1.04 1-2 7.33 2-2 2.34 3-2 1.09 1-3 6.78 2-3 1.82 3-3 0.98 有降尘 1-4 8.91 2-4 2.39 3-4 0.88 1-5 8.72 2-5 2.46 3-5 0.76 1-6 9.08 2-6 1.98 3-6 0.97
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 池恩安, 温远富, 罗德丕, 等. 拆除爆破水幕帘降尘技术研究[J]. 工程爆破, 2002, 8(3): 25-28. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7051.2002.03.006Chi Enan, Wen Yuanfu, Luo Depi, et al. Research on water-curtain dust-reduction technology for demolition blasting[J]. Engineering Blasting, 2002, 8(3): 25-28. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7051.2002.03.006 [2] 杨海涛, 仪海豹. 水力降低爆破尘毒实验研究[J]. 金属矿山, 2016(8): 148-151. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1250.2016.08.030Yang Haitao, Yi Haibao. Experimental research of lowering blasting dust and toxic gases by hydraulic action[J]. Metal Mine, 2016(8): 148-151. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1250.2016.08.030 [3] 郑炳旭, 魏晓林. 城市爆破拆除的粉尘预测和降尘措施[J]. 中国工程科学, 2002, 4(8): 69-73. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-1742.2002.08.013Zheng Bingxu, Wei Xiaolin. Forecast and measurements for reduction of dust in demolition blasting[J]. Engineering Science, 2002, 4(8): 69-73. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-1742.2002.08.013 [4] 陈颖尧, 吴健光. 广州体育馆爆破拆除的粉尘控制[J]. 爆破, 2001, 18(4): 66-68. doi: 10.3963/j.issn.1001-487X.2001.04.025Chen Yingyao, Wu Jianguang. Dust controlling in demolition blasting of Guangzhou gymnasium[J]. Blasting, 2001, 18(4): 66-68. doi: 10.3963/j.issn.1001-487X.2001.04.025 [5] 韩早, 胡斌, 颜事龙. 城市拆除爆破中爆炸水雾降尘的应用[J]. 煤矿爆破, 2008(4): 30-32. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MKBP200804014.htmHan Zao, Hu Bin, Yan Shilong. Application of blasting water mist to fall dust on urban housing demolition[J]. Coal Mine Blasting, 2008(4): 30-32. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MKBP200804014.htm [6] 金龙哲, 刘结友, 于猛. 高效水炮泥的降尘机理及应用研究[J]. 北京科技大学学报, 2007, 29(11): 1079-1082. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-053x.2007.11.003Jin Longzhe, Liu Jieyou, Yu Meng. Dust-reduction mechanism and application research of efficient water-stemming[J]. Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing, 2007, 29(11): 1079-1082. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-053x.2007.11.003 [7] 杜翠凤, 陈胜. 露天矿粉尘源强分析及贡献率实验研究[J]. 工业安全与环保, 2014(10): 76-79. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GYAF201410025.htmDu Cuifeng, Chen Sheng. Analysis on dust resource intension for open pit mines and experimental study on the contribution rate[J]. Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection, 2014(10): 76-79. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GYAF201410025.htm [8] 颜事龙, 刘锋, 岳中文, 等. 比药量对水爆炸抛撒成雾运动特性的影响[J]. 哈尔滨工业大学学报, 2007, 39(11): 1825-1828. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0367-6234.2007.11.036Yan Shilong, Liu Feng, Yue Zhongwen, et al. Influence of the specific explosives on kinetic characteristics of water mist resulting from explosion[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology, 2007, 39(11): 1825-1828. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0367-6234.2007.11.036 [9] 颜事龙, 刘锋, 薛里, 等. DPIV技术在爆炸水雾粒度测试中的应用[J]. 煤炭学报, 2008, 33(6): 652-656. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MTXB200806014.htmYan Shilong, Liu Feng, Xue Li, et al. Application of DPIV technology in measuring droplet size of water mist resulting from explosion[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2008, 33(6): 652-656. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MTXB200806014.htm [10] 陈军, 吴国栋, 韩肇元, 等. FAE爆炸抛撒后云雾液滴尺寸的测量[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2003, 23(1): 74-77. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BZCJ200301014.htmChen Jun, Wu Guodong, Han Zhaoyuan, et al. Measurement on mean size of liquid dropl ets of FAE dispersed by explosives[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2003, 23(1): 74-77. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BZCJ200301014.htm [11] 马素平, 寇子明. 喷雾降尘效率的研究与分析[J]. 太原理工大学学报, 2006, 37(3): 327-330. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TYGY200603020.htmMa Suping, Kou Ziming. Study and analysis of the efficiency on spray for suppressing airborne dust[J]. Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology, 2006, 37(3): 327-330. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TYGY200603020.htm [12] 蔡庆军, 韩肇元, 万群, 等. 液体环二次破碎所形成云雾颗粒尺寸测量和测试系统的标定[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 1999, 19(2): 151-157. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BZCJ902.008.htmCai Qingjun, Han Zhaoyuan, Wan Qun, et al. Calibration of measuring system and investigation of size behaviour of atomization region formed by secondary breakup of liquid ring[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 1999, 19(2): 151-157. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BZCJ902.008.htm [13] 王喜世, 伍小平, 廖光煊, 等. 基于数字粒子图像的细水雾全场速度测量[J]. 实验力学, 2003, 18(1): 6-11. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYLX200301002.htmWang Xishi, Wu Xiaoping, Liao Guangxuan, et al. Measurements of full field velocity in a water mist based on digital particle image[J]. Journal of Experimental Mechanics, 2003, 18(1): 6-11. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYLX200301002.htm [14] 刘锋, 颜事龙, 岳中文. 爆炸水袋长径比对水爆炸抛撒成雾运动特性的影响[J]. 火工品, 2008(2): 34-37. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HGPI200802009.htmLiu Feng, Yan Shilong, Yue Zhongwen. Influence of ratio of length to diameter of explosive water bag on kinetic characteristics of water mist resulted from explosion[J]. Initiators & Pyrotechnics, 2008(2): 34-37. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HGPI200802009.htm -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 459
- HTML全文浏览量: 190
- PDF下载量: 37
- 被引次数: 0