A study on synthesis of lead-free piezoelectric (K, Na)NbO3 nanorod arrays
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摘要: 针对一维KNN纳米结构的研究还存在取向生长较难、产物压电性能有待提高等问题，本文采用水热法与掺Nb的钛酸锶(SrTiO3)(NSTO)衬底辅助相结合的方式，通过控制水热反应温度、反应物五氧化二铌(Nb2O5)浓度以及水热反应时间实现高质量的KNN纳米棒阵列的取向生长。研究结果表明，在水热反应温度为190 ℃、Nb2O5浓度为40 mL/g、水热反应时间为18 h时，获得取向单一、结晶性好且压电响应明显的KNN纳米棒阵列。此研究可为无铅压电KNN晶体在微纳尺寸器件制备及能量回收等方面提供借鉴。Abstract: As one of the lead-free piezoelectric systems, potassium sodium niobate [(K, Na)NbO3, abbreviated as KNN] has been a research interest due to its high piezoelectric property, high Curie temperature as well as the tailored phase structures. However, there are still some problems in the study of one dimensional (1D) KNN structures. For instance, the orientation growth of crystals is difficult to be controlled, the piezoelectric properties of the product should be further enhanced. In this paper, the hydrothermal synthesis method was applied to fabricate the 1D KNN structures on the Nb-doped SrTiO3 (NSTO) substrate. The hydrothermal temperature, Nb2O5 concentration and the hydrothermal time were studied, respectively, and the oriented KNN nanorod arrays (NRAs) with high quality were achieved. The results show that the KNN NRAs with single orientation, good crystallinity and high piezoelectric response can be obtained when the hydrothermal temperature is 190 ℃, the Nb2O5 concentration is 40 mL/g, and the reaction time is 18 h, respectively.
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Key words:
- lead-free piezoelectricity /
- (K, Na)NbO3 /
- nanorod arrays /
- one-dimensional material
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图 1 不同温度下合成的KNN产物的SEM照片
Figure 1. SEM images of KNN products synthesized at different temperatures
图 2 Nb2O5浓度为40 mL/g时不同反应时间下KNN产物的XRD图谱
Figure 2. XRD patterns of KNN products at different reaction time when the concentration of Nb2O5 is 40 mL
图 3 在NSTO衬底上合成KNN纳米棒结构的生长机理示意图
Figure 3. Schematic diagram of the growth mechanism of KNN nanorods synthesized on NSTO substrate
图 4 不同水热时间合成的KNN产物的SEM照片
Figure 4. SEM images of KNN products synthesized at different hydrothermal time
图 5 不同Nb2O5浓度下合成的KNN产物的SEM照片
Figure 5. SEM images of KNN products synthesized at different Nb2O5 concentrations
图 6 不同Nb2O5浓度下KNN产物的XRD图谱
Figure 6. XRD patterns of KNN products at different Nb2O5 concentrations
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