高矿化度矿井水中螺纹钢锚杆点蚀机制研究

褚晓威; 鞠文君; 付玉凯

doi:10.19606/j.cnki.jmst.2021.03.007

高矿化度矿井水中螺纹钢锚杆点蚀机制研究

doi: 10.19606/j.cnki.jmst.2021.03.007

褚晓威^{1, 2, 3,},
鞠文君^{1, 2, 3},
付玉凯^{2, 3}

1.
中国矿业大学(北京)能源与矿业学院，北京 100083
2.
中煤科工开采研究院有限公司，北京 100013
3.
煤炭科学研究总院开采研究分院，北京 100013

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 52004126

国家自然科学基金 51804159

天地科技开采设计事业部科技创新基金 KJ-2018-TDKCZL-13

详细信息

作者简介:
褚晓威(1986—)，男，山东枣庄人，副研究员，博士研究生，主要从事煤矿巷道矿压理论与支护技术等方面的研究工作。Tel: 010-84263126-8004，E-mail: chuxiaowei2003@163.com

中图分类号: TD353;TG172
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-11-07
- 修回日期: 2021-01-15
- 刊出日期: 2021-06-01

Study on pitting mechanism of rebar rockbolt in highly-mineralized mine water

Chu Xiaowei^{1, 2, 3
,},
Ju Wenjun^{1, 2, 3},
Fu Yukai^{2, 3}

1.
School of Energy and Mining Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2.
CCTEG Coal Mining Research Institute, Beijing 100013, China
3.
Mining Institute, China Coal Research Institute, Beijing 100013, China

摘要

摘要: 受地下水侵蚀及开采环境影响，锚杆易发生腐蚀甚至断裂，点蚀等局部腐蚀形式通常是锚杆失效的主要源头。为研究螺纹钢锚杆在腐蚀性矿井水中的点蚀行为，采用金相、电化学及显微视频等手段，观测了4种锚杆点蚀发展过程并初步揭示其形成机制。结果表明，锚杆的点蚀易发生在夹杂物处，夹杂物及界面处基体优先溶解形成界面沟槽并出现局部酸化，从而进一步加速基体和夹杂物的溶解、脱落而形成点蚀坑；采用大小电极极化试验对比验证了界面沟槽对腐蚀的加速作用。
- 高矿化度矿井水 /
- 螺纹钢锚杆 /
- 点蚀 /
- 夹杂物 /
- 界面沟槽
Abstract: Corrosion and abnormal failure of rockbolts often occur in the mine water and complex environment.It is found that local corrosion such as pitting is usually the main origin of corrosion failure.Pitting process and mechanism in simulating corrosive mine water of four rockbolts were tested and analyzed with a comprehensive method including metallographic examination, electrochemical experiments and video microscope.The results showed that rockbolt steel was prone to pitting corrosion due to the inclusions.The pitting mechanism was as follows: The inclusions were preferentially dissolved, producing granular corrosion products and forming interface grooves.Local acidification in grooves accelerated the dissolution and exfoliation of matrix and inclusions, which produced etching pits.The acceleration effect of interface grooves on corrosion was verified by the comparison of polarization curves of different electrodes.
- highly-mineralized mine water /
- rebar rockbolt /
- pitting /
- inclusion /
- interface groove

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图 1 试样加工方法及尺寸

Figure 1. Processing method and size of rockbolts samples

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图 2 两种材料显微组织照片

Figure 2. Microstructures of the 2 materials observed by OM

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图 3 氧化物夹杂形态及元素分布

Figure 3. Oxide inclusion morphology and elements mapping

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图 4 小电极封装示意图

Figure 4. The schematic of small electrode

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图 5 小电极测试及观测系统示意图

Figure 5. The schematic of test and observation apparatus for small electrode

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图 6 热处理600锚杆腐蚀后表面形貌

Figure 6. The surface morphology of HT600 after corrosion

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图 7 热轧500锚杆腐蚀过程样品表面形貌

Figure 7. The evolution of surface morphology of HR500 during the corrosion

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图 8 动电位极化后锚杆腐蚀形貌

Figure 8. The surface morphology of rockbolts after macro-scale polarization

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图 9 热轧335腐蚀前后夹杂物形貌

Figure 9. The inclusion morphology of HR335 before and after corrosion

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图 10 锚杆腐蚀演化及点蚀形成过程示意图

Figure 10. Schematic diagram of rockbolt corrosion evolution and pitting process

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图 11 小电极样品与大电极样品在模拟溶液中的极化曲线

Figure 11. Macro-scale and micro-scale polarization curves of different materials in simulating solution

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图 12 部分典型锚杆加工损伤

Figure 12. Part of typical machining damage of rockbolt

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表 1 锚杆钢材化学成分

Table 1. Chemical composition of rockbolts

试样	元素含量/%
试样	C	Si	Mn	P	S	Cr	Ni	Mo	Cu	V
HR335	0.28	0.31	0.78	0.026	0.026	0.023	0.017	0.004	0.019	0.003
HR500	0.23	0.37	1.49	0.023	0.028	0.041	0.024	0.007	0.028	0.068
HT600	0.21	0.46	1.52	0.015	0.007	0.022	0.010	0.007	0.013	0.050
HT700	0.23	0.48	1.53	0.010	0.006	0.025	0.009	0.007	0.014	0.047

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表 2 非金属夹杂物检验结果

Table 2. Results of nonmetallic inclusion test

锚杆	非金属夹杂物/级								DS
	A		B		C		D
	细	粗	细	粗	细	粗	细	粗
HR335	1	0	0	0	0	0	0.5	0	0
HT600	1	0	0	0	0	0	0.5	0	0
注：A为硫化物类；B为氧化铝类；C为硅酸盐类；D为球状氧化物；DS为单颗粒球状类。

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表 3 腐蚀性矿井水离子浓度

Table 3. Ion concentration of corrosive mine water

离子类型	离子浓度/(mg·L^-1)
离子类型	双柳煤矿	红庆河煤矿
K⁺	1.42	2.60
Na⁺	385	288
Ca²⁺	3.96	9.43
Mg²⁺	1.20	3.43
Cl^-	302	321
SO₄^2-	14.24	203
HCO₃^-	558	428
CO₃^2-	0	24.06
总矿化度	1 266	1 280

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表 4 模拟溶液配比

Table 4. The proportion of simulated solution

溶质	NaCl	NaHCO₃	Na₂SO₄
浓度/(mg·L^-1)	530	589	601

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表 5 大小电极自腐蚀电流密度对比

Table 5. Comparison of self-corrosion current densities between small and large electrode

材料	大电极自腐蚀电流密度/(A·cm^-2)	小电极自腐蚀电流密度/(A·cm^-2)
HR335	8.9×10^-6	1.26×10^-5
HR500	6.61×10^-6	1.2×10^-5
HT600	6.42×10^-6	1.5×10^-5
HT700	9.8×10^-6	1.17×10^-5

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高矿化度矿井水中螺纹钢锚杆点蚀机制研究

doi: 10.19606/j.cnki.jmst.2021.03.007

作者简介:
褚晓威(1986—)，男，山东枣庄人，副研究员，博士研究生，主要从事煤矿巷道矿压理论与支护技术等方面的研究工作。Tel: 010-84263126-8004，E-mail: chuxiaowei2003@163.com

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Study on pitting mechanism of rebar rockbolt in highly-mineralized mine water

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高矿化度矿井水中螺纹钢锚杆点蚀机制研究

doi: 10.19606/j.cnki.jmst.2021.03.007

作者简介: 褚晓威(1986—)，男，山东枣庄人，副研究员，博士研究生，主要从事煤矿巷道矿压理论与支护技术等方面的研究工作。Tel: 010-84263126-8004，E-mail: chuxiaowei2003@163.com

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Study on pitting mechanism of rebar rockbolt in highly-mineralized mine water

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目录

作者简介:
褚晓威(1986—)，男，山东枣庄人，副研究员，博士研究生，主要从事煤矿巷道矿压理论与支护技术等方面的研究工作。Tel: 010-84263126-8004，E-mail: chuxiaowei2003@163.com