Abstract: The electric arc or spark originating from the low voltage cable fault is the major source of the coal mine gas explosion accident.In order to limit the energy detonating gas which is caused by the fault,the topology of neutral solid state circuit breaker is put forward in this paper in which IGBTs work is the main components of this device.Directed against the mine low-voltage power system,selective and ultra-high-speed single-phase electric leakage protection based on pattern recognition method and ultra-high-speed short circuit protection based on current rate of change are proposed to meet the requirements of full fault time,in which the fault duration should be shortened to no more than 3ms.Results of the experiments show its satisfactory performance.