对苯二胺低聚物改性氧化石墨烯及其在超级电容器中的应用研究

张晴晴; 张庆武; 王文华; 苏绍坤; 刘红缨; 刘家骥

对苯二胺低聚物改性氧化石墨烯及其在超级电容器中的应用研究

Study on graphene oxide modified by oligomers of p-phenylenediamine for supercapacitors

摘要

摘要: 为了获得用于新型炭基超级电容器的高比容量电极材料,本文以化学氧化法制备的氧化石墨烯为原料、对苯二胺低聚物为改性剂,在溶剂热条件下制备了氧化石墨烯-对苯二胺低聚物的复合物。通过紫外可见吸收光谱研究了对苯二胺低聚物的分子结构随加热时间的变化情况。采用X射线衍射光谱、扫描电镜、循环伏安等方法,对该复合物的结构、形貌、容量性能、循环稳定性等进行了表征。结果表明,对苯二胺低聚物可有效扩大氧化石墨烯的层间距,复合物呈紊乱堆砌态,其中60℃水浴加热 48h制备的低聚物改性氧化石墨烯的效果最为明显,其复合物的比容量可达453F/g,且经过600次循环后比容量保持率在98%以上。用该复合物制得超级电容器,以电极活性物质计,其能量密度为6.8 W·h/kg时,功率密度为516.3W/kg,且经1000次循环后比容量保持率在90%以上。实验研究表明: 对苯二胺低聚物改性氧化石墨烯复合物在能源存储等方面具有潜在应用前景。

Abstract: Inordertoobtainhighspecificcapacitanceoftheelectrodeusedforsupercapacitorsbasedon newcarbonmaterials,grapheneoxide(GO),fromgraphiteoxidizedbychemicals,wasmodifiedbyoligomers of p-phenylenediamine in an autoclave.The changes of molecular structure of pphenylenediamineoligomersinethanolsolutionunderdifferentheatingprocessesweretestedbyUV-vis spectroscopy.Thestructure,morphology,electricalstorageperformanceandcyclestabilityofthecompositewerecharacterizedbyX-raydiffraction,fieldemissionscanningelectronmicroscopy,andcyclic voltammetry.Theresultsimplythatoligomersof p-phenylenediaminecaneffectivelyexpandthelayer spacingofGO,andthecompositeshowsarandomstackingmanner.Oligomersof p-phenylenediamine, heatedat60℃ for48h,havethegreatesteffectonthemodificationofGO.Specificcapacitanceofthe
compositeis453F/g,andtheretentionisabove98% after600cycles.Furthermore,aprototypesupercapacitorwasfabricatedinaCR2032cellcase.Calculatedbytheactivesubstance,theenergydensityof thecellis6.8 W·h/kg,and the power density is516.3 W/kg.And the retention is90% of its originalcharging/dischargingprocessafter1000cycles.Theresultsimplythatgrapheneoxidemodified byoligomersofp-phenylenediaminewillhaveagoodpotentialapplicationinenergystorage.

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