Abstract: This study addresses the conflict between pressure relief of large diameter borehole and weakening of roadway surrounding rock. Taking similar materials with strong impulse tendency as the research object, this study investigated the effect of large-diameter drilling on the strength of sample with impulse tendency under uniaxial compression. We analyzed the effects of large-diameter drilling and packing coupling on fracture propagation and energy dissipation by using PFC^2D software. Results show that: (1) the peak strength of the sample exhibited more explicit weakening effect with the increase of the diameter of the drilling hole, and the peak strength of the sample was significantly higher under the action of filling; (2) The increase of borehole diameter was conducive to inhibiting the disorderly expansion of cracks. With the increase of backfill strength, the interaction between backfill and sample matrix was conducive to controlling the expansion of cracks towards the boundary between backfill andsample; (3) The energy release effect of the filling borehole sample was positively correlated with the strength of the filling body. Large-diameter and high-strength filling could improve the bearing capacity of surrounding rock under the premise of satisfying the pressure relief.