Abstract: Exploring land cover change is very important for the sustainable development of regional land resources. However, there are few studies on land cover change in the construction of Xinjiang electricity transmission energy channel. In this paper, the temporal variation characteristics of land cover in a 10 km buffer zone along Jiquan Line in Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture were analyzed by using multi-scale geographically weighted regression model (MGWR) to explore the spatio-temporal changes and driving factors of land cover in this region during 2010-2022. The results showed that: ① Grassland, bare land and cultivated land were the main areas in the study area, and the proportion of grassland and bare land was more than 90%. During the construction of Xinjiang electricity transmission channel, the land cover changes were more drastic and complicated; ② There are differences in the driving factors in terms of time. In the preparation and formal construction stages of the channel construction, the distance to the base station and the distance to the power grid rank first and second respectively in importance. However, during the operation period after the construction is completed, the distance to the water source and the minimum temperature rank first and second respectively. ③ The spatial ranges of different factors are different. Annual minimum temperature and distance to water source mainly affect grassland, bare land and farmland. The research results can provide reference for the construction of similar projects in the future, and promote sustainable land use and ecological protection.