Abstract: In order to study the dynamic mechanical properties of the frozen lunar soil in the permanent shadow area of the moon, the basaltic lunar soil simulant was used as the research object, and the dynamic impact test was performed on it. The dynamic stress-strain curve, dynamic compressive strength and failure of simulated lunar soil under different negative temperature, different moisture content and different strain rate were studied. The relationship between dynamic compressive strength, dynamic elastic modulus and simulated lunar soil temperature, moisture content and strain rate was analyzed. The test results show that the dynamic compressive strength is positively related to the strain rate; the failure modes are mainly conical shear failure and granular crushing failure; the fragmentation distribution has good fractal characteristics. Provide reference for future research on lunar building materials.