Abstract: The drilling identification technology of surrounding rock lithology can obtain the mechanical parameters of the surrounding rock of the roadway in real time, providing the basic guarantee for the surrounding rock support of the coal mine roadway. Based on the hydraulic anchor drilling rig for coal mine roadways, this paper developed the drilling parameter acquisition system of hydraulic anchor drilling rig in coal mine roadways, including the drilling system, power system, monitoring system and specimen platform. Drilling experiments of combined specimens of mortar of different strengths were carried out using this system. The experimental results indicate that the system shows good performance, obvious variation of the parameters with drilling, and obvious transitions of torque and propulsion pressure at the junction of different rock formations. In order to verify the feasibility of identifying rock strength while drilling, this study calculated the relationship between rock breaking specific energy by means of drilling parameters, and also analyzed the relationship between drilling parameters and compressive strength, it shows that based on the rock breaking specific energy method, the system can realize the identification of rock mechanical parameters by drilling parameters.