Abstract: This paper based on coal strata structure of mine working face, a one-to-one physical model of coal and rock concealed disaster-causing abnormal body is designed and constructed which is used to study the geophysical response characteristics of coal strata and hidden geological anomalies.Selected pulverized coal, gravel and sand, cement as raw materials to study similar material ratio and manufacturing process experiment of coal seams, roofs and floors, collapse columns and faults in Xinyuan Mining by applying the orthogonal design method.In addition, a variety of parameters on physical property were tested.Based on the experimental data of physical parameters such as wave velocity, resistivity and dielectric constant, the optimal construction ratio of each geological structure in the underground physical model was determined by comparing the original coal samples and the comprehensive detection results.Coal powder, sand and cement contents of 55 %, 10 % and 25 % were selected for coal seam simulation; The sand cement ratio is 3 and gypsum cement ratio is 2∶8 for the roof of coal seam; The ratio of sand cement ratio is 2.5 and gypsum cement ratio is 3∶7 for coal seam floor; The test proportions of sand 57.5 %, coal 10 %, gypsum 4.5 % and cement 18 % were selected for the collapse column.The above provides quantitative support for laboratory construction of mining detection equipment technology test platform of the project.